The physical meaning of synchronization and simultaneity in Special Relativity

Based on two previous papers, the physical meaning of synchronization and simultaneity as is presented in Einstein's Special Relativity paper of 1905 is reconsidered. We follow Einstein's argumentation to introduce a criterium of synchronization and for the same arguments we arrive at a different criterium for synchronization. From that we conclude that simultaneity is absolute. Introduction On two previous papers [1, 2] we have analyzed the concepts of synchronization and simultaneity. We have shown in those two papers that Einstein's criterium of synchronization only in one system holds. We call that system the rest system. If we introduce a time t' at a x' through x'=ct' [2] for a system S' moving in relation to the rest system we obtain Lorentz Transformation with desynchronized clocks. But if we assign another t' with a similar relation where c is substituted by the one-way velocity of light we obtain a Synchronized Transformation where the clocks at S' are synchronized. We can pass from the Synchronized Transformation to the Lorentz Transformation through a Transformation of t', trough a desynchronization. We have also shown how can we conceive a method to determine by experiment the absolute velocity, the velocity in relation to the rest system [3]. Now we are going to follow some of the physical arguments presented by Einstein [4] and we arrive to the same conclusions of the referred papers [1, 2]. Therefore we clarify the physical meaning of synchronization and simultaneity. 1. On simultaneity and synchronization. Einstein affirms that for a "rest system" the velocity of light is c. If we know for that system the velocity of light we can synchronize the clocks at a given position by sending light between the several pairs of clocks that we can consider. If we know the position of two clocks we can calculate the time required for light to travel from a clock located at a position A to a clock located to a position B. The time for light to travel from clock at position B to the clock at position A is the same since we admit that the velocity of light is c in that frame. Therefore we can establish a "common time" for clocks A and B by putting clock B marking a time tB when the ray of light emitted at A at a time tA, arrives at B. where rAB is the distance between A e B. c r t t AB A B = − ) 1 ( If the ray of light is reflected at position B back to position A it arrives at A at time t'A with